@article {275,
	title = {Energy control in dependable Wireless Sensor Networks: a modeling perspective},
	journal = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. PART O, JOURNAL OF RISK AND RELIABILITY},
	volume = {225},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {424{\textendash}434},
	abstract = {<p>Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, battery-operated sensors undergo cycles of sleeping-active periods that reduce their ability to send/receive data. Starting from the Markov reward model theory, this paper presents a dependability model to analyse the reliability of a sensor node. Also, a new dependability parameter is introduced, referred to as producibility, which is able to capture the capability of a sensor to accomplish its mission. Two different model solution techniques are proposed, one based on the evaluation of the accumulated reward distribution and the other based on an equivalent model based on non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets. The obtained results are used to investigate the dependability of a whole WSN taking into account the presence of redundant nodes. Topological aspects are taken into account, providing a quantitative comparison among three typical network topologies: star, tree, and mesh. Numerical results are provided in order to highlight the advantages of the proposed technique and to demonstrate the equivalence of the proposed approaches.</p>
},
	keywords = {Energy consumption, Markov reward models, network topology, non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets, producibility, Reliability, Wireless sensor networks},
	doi = {10.1177/1748006X10397845},
	author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}
}
@proceedings {Bruneo2010,
	title = {Reliability assessment of wireless sensor nodes with non-linear battery discharge},
	journal = {2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010},
	year = {2010},
	note = {cited By 8; Conference of 2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010 ; Conference Date: 20 October 2010 Through 22 October 2010; Conference Code:83354},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Venice, Italy, 20-22 October 2010},
	abstract = {<p>Wireless sensor networks are constituted of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, nodes undergo cycles of active-sleep periods that reduce their ability to send/receive data. Aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability of a battery-powered sensor node with active-sleep cycles considering both linear and non linear discharge processes. The approach used in the evaluation is based on continuous phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra. The technique is thus applied to the evaluation of an example in order to demonstrate its effectiveness. The obtained results strongly encourage future work, figuring out possible application in wider network context with complex topology, redundant nodes, and unreliable links, due to the Kronecher algebra capabilities to manage the state space explosion problem. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.</p>
},
	keywords = {Algebra, Battery discharge, Continuous phase, Electric network synthesis, Energy consumption, Energy utilization, Kronecker algebra, Markov reward model, Reliability analysis, sensor networks, Sensor nodes, Telecommunication equipment, Wireless sensor, Wireless sensor networks},
	isbn = {9781424492299},
	doi = {10.1109/WD.2010.5657711},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751474054\&partnerID=40\&md5=86f6f2fa864d7e52672ab4e4bd83d78a},
	author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}
}
