@article {645, title = {Application-Programming Interface (API) for Song Recognition Systems}, journal = {Advances in Science Technology and Engineering Systems Journal }, volume = {6}, year = {2021}, month = {04/2021}, pages = {14}, chapter = {846}, abstract = {

The main contribution of this paper is the framework of Application Programming Interface (API) to be integrated on a smartphone app. The integration with algorithm that generates fingerprints from the method ST-PSD with several parameter configurations (Windows size, threshold, and sub-score linear combination coefficient). An approach capable of recognizing an audio piece of music with an accuracy equal to 90\% was further tested based on this result. In addition the implementation is done by algorithm using Java{\textquoteright}s programming language, executed through an application developed in the Android operating system. Also, capturing the audio from the smartphone, which is subsequently compared with fingerprints, those present in a database.

}, keywords = {Database Clustering, IoT, Mobile API, Signal Processing, Song Recognition}, issn = {2415-6698}, doi = {10.25046/aj060298}, author = {M. Arif Bin Sahbudin and Chaouch, Chakib and Serrano, Salvatore and Scarpa, Marco} } @proceedings {640, title = {Assessing Dependability of Web Services under Moving Target Defense Techniques}, journal = {30th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL)}, year = {2020}, month = {09/2020}, pages = {1988-1995}, publisher = {RESEARCH PUBLISHING}, address = {Venice}, abstract = {

Moving Target Defense (MTD) is a quite effective solution for alleviating the impact of attacks from malicious sources or attackers taken from biological/military environments. It works as a proactive defense approach aiming at enhancing the target system security by periodically changing its configuration to reduce the exposure to vulnerabilities and opportunities for attack. Several MTD approaches have been studied in the literature, and one of the simplest and most effective is migrating the service among different nodes of a distributed computing system.
To evaluate the effectiveness of migration-based MTD policies, it is crucial adopting proper cybersecurity metrics and tools for their assessment, which is highly challenging due to ICT complexity in terms of a large number of nodes, attack types, workloads, migration policies, and service delays. Current solutions in MTD evaluation, mainly based on combinatorial (attack trees), game theoretic and state space-based approaches, do not or partially address such challenges altogether. This paper aims at proposing a technique based on Petri nets to overcome limitations of existing solutions. The proposed model is highly scalable and customizable through several parameters. It also allows to stochastically characterize the underlying behaviors and phenomena through non-exponential distributions, obtaining both transient and steady-state metrics. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the capability of the proposed approach in assessing the impact of MTD migration techniques on the system-service dependability, including security, availability and performance.

}, issn = {978-981-14-8593-0 }, doi = {10.3850/978-981-14-8593-0_4175-cd}, author = {Distefano, Salvatore and Scarpa, Marco and Chang, Xiaolin and Bobbio, Andrea} } @article {sahbudin2020PSD, title = {Audio Fingerprint based on Power Spectral Density and Hamming Distance Measure}, journal = {Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems}, volume = {12}, number = {04-Special Issue}, year = {2020}, pages = {1533{\textendash}1544}, keywords = {own}, author = {Sahbudin, Murtadha Arif Bin and Chaouch, Chakib and Scarpa, Marco and Serrano, Salvatore} } @article {sahbudin2020kmodes, title = {Audio Fingerprint Database Structure using K-modes Clustering}, journal = {Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems}, volume = {12}, number = {04-Special Issue}, year = {2020}, pages = {1545{\textendash}1554}, keywords = {own}, author = {Chaouch, Chakib and Sahbudin, Murtadha Arif Bin and Scarpa, Marco and Serrano, Salvatore} } @article {sahbudin2020GeoCovid, title = {Geo-COVID: Movement Monitoring based on Geo-fence Framework for COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis}, journal = {Journal of Critical Reviews}, volume = {7}, number = {18}, year = {2020}, keywords = {own}, author = {Sahbudin, Murtadha Arif Bin and Ali Pitchay, Sakinah and Scarpa, Marco} } @article {2020_Ajeb_Wiley, title = {Statistical modeling of monthly rainfall variability in Soummam watershed of Algeria, between 1967 and 2018}, journal = {Natural Resource Modeling}, volume = {33}, number = {4}, year = {2020}, pages = {e12288}, abstract = {Abstract The monthly precipitations obtained during 51 years of measurement in 24 stations of Soummam watershed in Algeria were analyzed to describe rainfall trends and aridity state of the area using statistical modeling. The choice of distribution laws was justified by comparing fitting results of different distributions laws used in literature reviews. Hence, the p values proved that Generalized Extreme Value, Weibull (3) and Logistic the distribution law are more adequate to analyze rainfall frequencies in different part of the watershed. The diagnostic given by Q-Q plot, P-P plot and survival regression curve showed the period of wetness and dryness in the northeastern and the southwestern part of the watershed, respectively. Moreover, the study given by the De Martonne index explains the consequences of climate change by a new form of aridity in the watershed between 1994 and 2018. Recommendations for Resource Managers The annual rainfall of Soummam watershed has a moderate and irregular rainfall distribution between 1967 and 2018. Using distribution function on monthly rainfall in each bioclimatic floor to analyze the trend of rainfall frequency gives a spatio-temporal description of climate in the area. Fitting by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test allows us to choose generalized extreme value, Weibull (3) and Logistic for modeling monthly rainfall variability in each part of the watershed. The diagnostic obtained by P-P plot, Q-Q plot and survival regression curve proved a change of aridity in the northeastern and southwestern part of the watershed between 1994 and 2018.}, keywords = {aridity index, bioclimatic floor, fitting test, monthly rainfall, statistical modeling, watershed}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12288}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nrm.12288}, author = {Aieb, Amir and Lefsih, Khalef and Scarpa, Marco and Bonaccorso, Brunella and Cicero, Nicola and Mimeche, Omar and Madani, Khodir} } @proceedings {558, title = {How much enhancing Confidentiality and Integrity on data can affect Mobile Multi-Cloud: The ARIANNA Experience}, journal = {28th IEEE International Conference on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE-2019)}, year = {2019}, month = {06/2019}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Capri (Napoli), Italy}, author = {Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @article {612, title = {A new approach for processing climate missing databases applied to daily rainfall data in Soummam watershed, Algeria}, journal = {Heliyon}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, pages = {1-27}, abstract = {

Missing data is a very frequent problem in climatology, it influences on the quality of results that will afford in hydrological studies, as well as water resources management. This paper proposes a new imputation algorithm, based on the optimization of some regression methods, which are hot deck, k-nearest-neighbors imputation, weighted k-nearest-neighbors imputation, multiple imputation, linear regression and simple average method. The choice of these methods was justified by qualitative and quantitative statistical tests analysis. However, the reliability of obtained results depends mainly on percentage of missing data, choice of neighboring stations and data missingness mechanism which should be missing at random. During the study it was found that the most of stations in Soummam watershed don{\textquoteright}t have a good correlation because the large loss in rainfall data or the geology of watershed which gives a relationship between station position and rainfall variability. For this case, principal component analysis is applied on a set of stations; it showed a positive impact of altitude, latitude and longitude on correlation index between selected stations. The graphical analysis of the normal law on RMSE values, which were obtained by applying the proposed technique in several random cases of missingness, that are 4\%, 8\%, 12\% and 16\% respectively, it confirmed the validity and the performance of this approach.

}, keywords = {Atmospheric science, Environmental science, Hydrology}, issn = {2405-8440}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01247}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018362558}, author = {Amir Aieb and Khodir Madani and Marco Scarpa and Brunella Bonaccorso and Khalef Lefsih} } @proceedings {606, title = {A Web Client Secure Storage Approach in Multi-Cloud Environment}, journal = {4th IEEE International Conference on Computing Communication and Security (ICCCS 2019)}, year = {2019}, month = {10/2019}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Rome, Italy}, author = {Murtadha Arif Bin Sahbudin and Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {538, title = {An Approach to Enhancing Confidentiality and Integrity on Mobile Multi-Cloud Systems: The {\textquotedblleft}ARIANNA{\textquotedblright} Experience}, journal = {The Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Mobile Cloud Computing systems, Management, and Security (MCSMS-2018)}, year = {2018}, month = {10/2018}, address = {Valencia, Spain}, abstract = {

Technology evolution is addressing the industry to face some formidable challenges, such as ensuring the security of mobile devices.

By the union between Cloud technologies and mobile devices, the new concept of {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Mobile Cloud Computing\ (MCC)"\ has emerged.

MCC technologies enable users to quickly collect and integrate data from heterogeneous sources, regardless of where they reside.

However, although they are constantly evolving and spreading, these technologies still maintain security and privacy issues that have not found definitely answers.

In this paper we propose a mobile secure storage approach which is primarily oriented to guarantee confidentiality\ and integrity\ issues concerning data stored on mobile smart devices that are part of a multi-Cloud environment.\newline

To this end, we introduce and discuss the {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}ARIANNA"\ app.

ARIANNA consists of an Android app that represents the software enabler\ which allows us to extend our sperimental multi-Cloud system towards the mobile world.

Moreover, in order to evaluate our proposal, we conducted several experiments taking into consideration the mobile application in real and dynamic multi-Cloud environment scenarios.

}, keywords = {AES-256, Android, Cloud storage, Confidentiality, Data Privacy, Data Security, Integrity, mobile Cloud storage, mobile device, mobile multi-Cloud, multi-Cloud, OpenStack., RSA}, author = {Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa and Maurizio Giacobbe and Antonio Puliafito} } @article {533, title = {An approach to implement the {\textquotedblleft}Smart Office{\textquotedblright} idea: the $\#$SmartMe Energy system}, journal = { Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing}, year = {2018}, month = {05/2018}, pages = {1-19}, abstract = {

Getting cities and communities smarter means to use\ Information and Communication Technology (ICT)\ to transform their {\textquotedblleft}metabolism{\textquotedblright} in order to offer sustainable services for people. This mission is a strategic but also very complex process that involves worldwide stakeholders (i.e., governments, entities, businesses and citizens), areas and infrastructures (e.g., buildings, homes, offices, urban parks, industrial plants). As part of this process, balancing sustainability and comfort objectives with energy efficiency and cost-saving requirements is a challenge. The\ Internet of Things (IoT)\ paradigm can help this process from the collection to the management of large amount of data. Generally, the conventional notion of sustainability is related to three main aspects, i.e., environmental, economic and social. If protection and resource conservation are typically environmental objectives, at the same time prosperity and continuity in urban contexts are two economical goals. Social well-being and equity complete the characterization of sustainability. Following this approach, in this paper we present and discuss the\ $\#$SmartMe Energy\ system, implemented at the\ University of Messinaas part of the $\#$SmartMe crowdfunding project. It allows employees to optimize the use of all the electrical equipments. The result is the reduction of energy consumptions and costs also improving sustainability and comfort inside offices, thus becoming {\textquotedblleft}smart offices{\textquotedblright}.

}, keywords = {Energy-aware systems, Internet of Things, smart buildings, Smart offices, SmartME, Sustainability}, issn = {1868-5145}, doi = {10.1007/s12652-018-0809-0}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs12652-018-0809-0}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Giuseppe Pellegrino and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @proceedings {532, title = {ARIANNA: A Mobile Secure Storage Approach in Multi-Cloud Environment}, journal = {WiP Session - 4th IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP 2018) }, year = {2018}, publisher = {IEEE - IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Taormina, Sicily, Italy}, abstract = {

Technology is profoundly changing the way we live. If on one hand Cloud computing has transformed today{\textquoteright}s com- puting landscape, on the other hand the spread of mobile devices is changing our everyday life. Because the Cloud infrastructures perform intensive computing tasks and offers unlimited data storage, people and companies started benefit from engaging mobile apps that would not otherwise be possible. For these reasons, in order to maintain the competitive advantage, compa- nies are now deciding to adopt mobile multi-Cloud strategies for their products and services. In this work we propose a mobile secure storage approach primarily oriented to guarantee confidentiality and integrity issues concerning data stored on smart devices which are part of a multi-Cloud environment. In this paper we presented and discussed our Android app, we called {\textquotedblleft}ARIANNA{\textquotedblright}. It enables and integrates our experimental multi-Cloud framework, which description is present in literature. Moreover, in order to evaluate our proposal, we conducted several experiments by considering the mobile application in a real multi-Cloud environment scenario.

}, keywords = {AES-256, Android, Cloud storage, Confidentiality, Data Privacy, Data Security, Integrity, mobile Cloud storage, mobile device, mobile multi-Cloud, multi-Cloud, OpenStack, RSA}, author = {Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa and Maurizio Giacobbe and Flavia Oriti} } @proceedings {535, title = {Building a Smart City Service Platform in Messina with the $\#$SmartME Project}, journal = {The 32nd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (IEEE AINA-2018)}, year = {2018}, month = {05/2018}, address = {Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland}, abstract = {

Some words mark an era, and "Smart City" is definitely one of these. A Smart City is an urban area where the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are employed to improve citizens{\textquoteright} Quality of Life (QoL) in areas such as: mobility, urban surveillance, and energy management. Throughout this paper, we present the $\#$SmartME project, which aims to create an infrastructure and an ecosystem of "smart" services by exploiting existing devices, sensors, and actuators distributed in the city of Messina. We also present the Stack4Things framework, which is the management core of the $\#$SmartME project.

}, keywords = {$\#$SmartME, Arduino, Blockchain, cloud computing, IoT, OpenData, OpenStack, Smart city, Stack4Things}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Sebastiano Chillari and Salvatore Distefano and Maurizio Giacobbe and Antonino Longo Minnolo and Francesco Longo and Giovanni Merlino and Davide Mulfari and Alfonso Panarello and Giuseppe Patan{\`e} and Antonio Puliafito and Carlo Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and Nachiket Tapas and Giancarlo Visalli} } @proceedings {547, title = {Enabling Sustainable Smart Environments Using Fog Computing}, journal = {The 1st International Conference on Electronics, Control, Optimization and Computer Science (ICECOCS{\textquoteright}18)}, year = {2018}, month = {12/2018}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Kenitra - Morocco}, abstract = {

The upward trend in using both Cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) is changing the way of conceiving information and communication systems. We can talk about IoT Cloud\ to indicate a distributed complex system which is able to provide IoT-as-a-Service (IoTaaS). At the edge of the system, multisensors electronic devices make smart\ the {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}things{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} they control also enabling the interconnection with a remote Cloud infrastructure, platform, or software through the Internet.

In such scenario, achieving energy-aware IoTaaS is a challenge which needs appropriate choices in all the environmental, economic and ethical aspects of sustainability. The use of Fog computing\ can help to discover new business opportunities taking into account the above {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}green{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} goal.

In this paper, we discuss the advantages from using Fog computing to offer energy-aware IoTaaS in sustainable smart environments.

Moreover, we present an experimental use case proving the feasibility of our proposal.

}, keywords = {Energy-aware, Fog computing, IoT, IoTaaS, smart buildings, Smart Environment, sustainability.}, author = {Sarah Zanafi and Maurizio Giacobbe and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito and Noura Aknin} } @proceedings {548, title = {An Implementation Of InfluxDB For Monitoring And Analytics In Distributed IoT Environments}, journal = {Science of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunication Conference (SETIT 2018)}, year = {2018}, month = {12/2018}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Hammamet, Tunisia}, keywords = {cloud computing, InfluxDB, Internet of Things, smart environments, time series database}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Chakib Chaouch and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @inbook {539, title = {J2CBROKER as a Service: A Service Broker Simulation Tool Integrated in OpenStack Environment}, booktitle = {Systems Modeling: Methodologies and Tools}, volume = {VII}, number = {EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing}, year = {2018}, pages = {269-285}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019}, organization = {Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019}, edition = {1}, chapter = {17}, abstract = {

Some of the recently defined or emerging Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) promise to dramatically improve people{\textquoteright}s lives and greatly benefit enterprises productivity. Among them, Cloud computing\ proves to be so disruptive to provide anyone with on demand remote access to a large pool of third-party computing resources and services. Nonetheless, before the actual development of Cloud services, there is the need for timely, repeatable, and controllable methodologies that evaluate the conceived algorithms and policies. Simulation-based environments play a fundamental role in this direction as they considerably reduce the risk of economic losses, scarce Quality of Service\ and Quality of Experience. In a previous work, we presented J2CBROKER, a tool that simulates a Cloud Brokerage ecosystem, i.e., an environment where a software broker acts as an intermediary between service customers and providers in order to allow the formers to discover and select the services that best suit their needs. Herein, we discuss the evolution of such a tool that consists in its integration in the OpenStack environment in order to provide it according to the Cloud Software as a Service\ (SaaS) model. To this purpose, we detail the new J2CBROKER architecture. Moreover, in order to evaluate our proposal, we present a case study\ in which J2CBROKER is implemented as a Service in a real scenario.

}, issn = {978-3-319-92378-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-92378-9}, author = {Riccardo Di Pietro and Maurizio Giacobbe and Carlo Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @article {531, title = {A NOVEL IOT-AS-A-SERVICE STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE ENERGY AND COST SAVING IN MICROGRIDS}, journal = {International Journal of Engineering and Technology(UAE)}, volume = {7}, year = {2018}, month = {10/2018}, address = {Madrid, Spain}, abstract = {

Smart Grids play a crucial role for always more efficient, flexible and reliable integration of technologies in the electricity marketplace. At the {\textquotedblleft}edge{\textquotedblright} of Smart Grids, appliances and consumer devices consume electricity by Microgrids. End-users need easily and dynamically accessible electricity marketplace and heterogeneous renewable energy sources (e.g., solar, wind, etc.), in order to satisfy energy needs. This implies two main challenges: 1) managing the variable availability of renewables, mainly due both to variable electricity marketplace conditions and to a not-continuous energy sourcing; 2) managing the energy supply/demand ratio especially in presence of scarcity or surplus conditions in the electrical energy providing service. In this paper we propose a novel two-levels Internet of Things-as-a-Service (IoTaaS) strategy to {\textquotedblleft}win{\textquotedblright} the above-mentioned challenges.

}, keywords = {cloud computing; energy management; internet of things; iotaas; smart grids}, issn = {2227-524X}, url = {https://www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/ijet/article/view/21767}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and Maria Gabriella Xibilia} } @proceedings {505, title = {A Context-aware Strategy To Properly Use IoT-Cloud Services}, journal = {2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP)}, year = {2017}, month = {05/2017}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Hong Kong - China}, abstract = {

Nowadays, we can talk about the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud computing union to indicate a new generation of distributed system.

An IoT-Cloud system mainly consists of a set of smart objects which are interconnected through the Internet with a remote Cloud infrastructure, platform, or software.

It allows to achieve new benefits in several contexts, such as smart cities and industrial businesses.

In this paper we propose a context-aware strategy focused on the correct use of the IoT-Cloud services. In particular, a use case driven scenario and a three-step algorithm to define the strategy are presented and discussed.

}, keywords = {Big Data, cloud computing, context-aware systems, Internet of Things, multi criteria decision making, smart cities, smart environments, smart factories}, doi = {10.1109/SMARTCOMP.2017.7946976}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Antonio Puliafito and Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {486, title = {An Energy-Aware Brokering Algorithm To Improve Sustainability In Community Cloud}, journal = {Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems (SMARTGREENS 2017)}, volume = {1}, year = {2017}, month = {04/2017}, pages = {166-173}, publisher = {Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication (INSTICC)}, address = {Porto, Portugal}, abstract = {

Cloud computing is a paradigm for large scale distributed infrastructures, platforms or software services which represents a hot topic in Information Technology (IT) recently in both industrial and academic areas. Its use is motivated by the possibility to promote a new economy of scale in different contexts. Along with the well-known public, private and hybrid Cloud models, the Community Cloud is an emerging concept based on a deployment model in which a Cloud infrastructure allows a specific community of consumers to share interests, goals and responsibilities. It can be owned and managed by the community, by a third party, or a combination of them. In such scenario, new low-carbon strategies at Cloud sites are necessary to allow those latter to reduce the consumption in presence of a massive exploitation of IT services. Therefore, balancing performances with both sustainability and cost saving concepts is a challenge. In this paper, we present a low carbon strategy designed to make the best choice in resources allocation, based on sustainability, availability and costs. The proposed energy-aware Brokering Algorithm (eBA) allows to push down carbon dioxide emissions through the Community Cloud ecosystem, by running instances at the most convenient sites.

}, keywords = {cloud computing, Community Cloud, Energy-aware Brokering, Green Cloud, Low Carbon, Resource allocation, Sustainability, Virtualization}, issn = {978-989-758-241-7}, doi = {10.5220/0006300201660173}, url = {http://www.scitepress.org/DigitalLibrary/PublicationsDetail.aspx?ID=8XfUdAkq8Pk=\&t=1}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Marco Scarpa and Riccardo Di Pietro and Antonio Puliafito} } @proceedings {485, title = {The ESSB System: A Novel Solution To Improve Comfort And Sustainability In Smart Office Environments}, journal = {The14th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC 2017)}, year = {2017}, month = {05/2017}, pages = {311-316}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Calabria, Italy}, abstract = {

Getting cities and communities smarter is a strategic but also very complex process that involves several actors (e.g., governments, industries, scientific researchers) and addresses many challenges. Among these, energy efficiency and cost-saving are indispensable. Following this line, in this paper we propose a novel energy-aware management system, we name Energy Saving Smart Building (ESSB), for smart environments. More specifically, we present its experimental use at University of Messina\ in order to optimize the use of all the electrical equipments. The results are the reduction of energy consumptions and costs improving comfort and sustainability in smart office environments.\ 

}, keywords = {energy cost-saving, Energy Efficiency, Energy-aware systems, Internet of Things, smart buildings, smart cities, smart office, sustainability.}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Giuseppe Pellegrino and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @article {Distefano201722, title = {Marking dependency in non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets}, journal = {Performance Evaluation}, volume = {110}, year = {2017}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {22-47}, publisher = {Elsevier B.V.}, abstract = {

Marking dependency is a powerful tool that allows different firing time distributions to be associated with a stochastic Petri net transition, depending on the marking. Through this feature, the modeler can easily and compactly represent advanced properties and behaviors of the system. While a semantics and specific solution techniques have been provided for generalized stochastic Petri nets thus covering homogeneous Markovian aspects, in the non-homogeneous/non-Markovian case marking dependency still needs to be investigated. To fill this gap, this paper provides a formalization of marking dependent semantics in non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets (NMSPNs) and a solution technique, based on phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra, able to deal with such a feature allowing both transient and steady-state analyses. To motivate the actual need of marking dependency in NMSPN modeling and to demonstrate the potential of such a feature as well as the validity of the proposed solution technique a case study on a multi-core CPU system with power management facilities is explored. {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Algebra, energy management, Kronecker algebra, Marking dependency, Multi-core cpus, non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets, Petri nets, phase type distributions, Power management, Program processors, Random access storage, Semantics, Stochastic systems}, issn = {01665316}, doi = {10.1016/j.peva.2017.03.001}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016027299\&doi=10.1016\%2fj.peva.2017.03.001\&partnerID=40\&md5=a00a4d3147bd499b5f8879d3573b4670}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {524, title = {Secure Storage as a Service in Multi-Cloud Environment}, journal = {16th International Conference on Ad Hoc Networks and Wireless, ADHOC-NOW 2017}, volume = {Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks: Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Ad Hoc Networks and Wireless}, year = {2017}, month = {09/2017}, pages = {328-341}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, edition = {I}, address = {Messina}, issn = {978-3-319-67910-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-67910-5}, author = {Riccardo Di Pietro and Marco Scarpa and Maurizio Giacobbe and Antonio Puliafito} } @inbook {Bruneo2016, title = {An Analytical Framework to Deal with Changing Points and Variable Distributions in Quality Assessment}, booktitle = {Principles of Performance and Reliability Modeling and Evaluation: Essays in Honor of Kishor Trivedi on his 70th Birthday}, year = {2016}, pages = {27{\textendash}48}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-30599-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_2}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_2}, author = {Bruneo, Dario and Distefano, Salvatore and Longo, Francesco and Scarpa, Marco}, editor = {Fiondella, Lance and Puliafito, Antonio} } @proceedings {480, title = {The Big Bucket: An IoT Cloud Solution For Smart Waste Management in Smart Cities}, journal = {The 4th International Workshop on CLoud for IoT (CLIoT 2016)}, volume = {Advances in Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing}, year = {2016}, month = {01/2018}, pages = {43-58}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, abstract = {

Research and industries are devoting a great effort in getting cities and communities smarter, thus to improve citizens{\textquoteright} Quality of Life (QoL) and paying serious attention to e-government and e-inclusion processes.\ 
This is a strategic but also very complex objective that involves both governance and citizens to address many challenges.\ 
Following this line, this paper discusses the necessity for new smart waste management systems and presents a comprehensive state of the art on the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) for smart waste recycling.\ 
In particular, we present and argue the Big Bucket IoT Cloud environment, where smart dumpsters are equipped with low-cost sensors and open source easy-to-use hardware and software. Its architectural model is discussed and compared with other existing solutions in the future perspective.

}, keywords = {cloud computing, E-government, E-inclusion, IoT, Quality of Life, Recycling Systems, smart cities, Smart Communities, Smart Waste Management}, issn = {978-3-319-72125-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-72125-5_4}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Carlo Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {483, title = {J2CBROKER: A Service Broker Simulation Tool For Cooperative Clouds}, journal = {10th EAI International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools (Valuetools 2016)}, volume = {VALUETOOLS{\textquoteright}16 proceedings of the 10th EAI International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools on 10th EAI}, year = {2016}, month = {05/2017}, pages = {68-73}, publisher = {ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering)}, address = {Taormina, Italy}, abstract = {

The Internet and digital technologies are transforming our world, but existing barriers, mainly due to obsolete Information Technologies (IT), lead citizens to miss out on goods and services, enterprises and start-ups to limit their horizons, and businesses and governments to cannot fully benefit from digital tools.\ Recently, Cloud computing\ emerged as hot topic in IT, both in industrial and academic area, in order to overcame the above barriers.\ Its use in large scale distributed infrastructure, platform or software services is motivated by the possibility to promote a new economy of scale in different contexts.\ Such scenario demands timely, repeatable, and controllable methodologies for evaluation of algorithms, applications and policies before the development of Cloud services or products, especially to achieve a good compromise between several performance indicators.\ To this end, simulations-based environments\ allow to evaluate the hypothesis prior to the software development, thus reducing the risk of economic losses, scarce Quality of Service\ or Quality of Experience.\ In this paper we present and discuss a simulation-based approach for Cloud Brokerage ecosystems. More specifically, we propose the J2CBROKER\ Simulation Tool, mainly based on Java\ and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)\ technologies.\ Its architecture, functionalities and technological choices are discussed and motivated. Moreover, we present a case of study\ to evaluate the goodness of the proposed approach.

}, keywords = {broker, cloud brokerage, cloud computing, cooperative clouds, digital single market, java, javascript object notation, json, key performance indicator, simulation tool}, issn = {978-1-63190-141-6}, doi = {10.4108/eai.25-10-2016.2266614}, url = {https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.25-10-2016.2266614}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Riccardo Di Pietro and Carlo Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Bruneo2016, title = {KAOS: A Kinetic Theory Tool for Modeling Complex Social Systems}, journal = {3rd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications, ICIEA 2016}, volume = {68}, year = {2016}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 2016 3rd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications, ICIEA 2016 ; Conference Date: 28 April 2016 Through 30 April 2016; Conference Code:123080}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Hong Kong, 28-30 April 2016}, abstract = {

The kinetic theory approach is successfully used to model complex phenomena related to social systems, allowing to predict the dynamics and emergent behavior of large populations of agents. In particular, kinetic theory for active particles (KTAP) models are usually analyzed by numerically solving the underlying Boltzmann-type differential equations through ad-hoc implementations. In this paper, we present KAOS: a kinetic theory of active particles modeling and analysis software tool. To the best of our knowledge, KAOS represents the first attempt to design and implement a comprehensive tool that assists the user in all the steps of the modeling process in the framework of the kinetic theories, from the model definition to the representation of transient solutions. To show the KAOS features, we present a new model capturing the competition/cooperation dynamics of a socio-economic system with welfare dynamics, in different socio-political conditions. {\textcopyright} 2016 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

}, issn = {2261236X}, doi = {10.1051/matecconf/20166816004}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84982168597\&doi=10.1051\%2fmatecconf\%2f20166816004\&partnerID=40\&md5=87f3509a3d879faddfe7cc858a349db5}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Marina Dolfin and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @inbook {Horvath2016, title = {Phase Type and Matrix Exponential Distributions in Stochastic Modeling}, booktitle = {Principles of Performance and Reliability Modeling and Evaluation: Essays in Honor of Kishor Trivedi on his 70th Birthday}, year = {2016}, pages = {3{\textendash}25}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-30599-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_1}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_1}, author = {Horvath, Andras and Scarpa, Marco and Telek, Miklos}, editor = {Fiondella, Lance and Puliafito, Antonio} } @booklet {474, title = {Smart Waste and Recycling Systems: The Big Bucket Solution}, journal = {CINI Annual Workshop on ICT for Smart Cities \& Communities (i-CiTies 2016). September 29-30. Benevento, Italy.}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

Research and industries are devoting a great effort in getting cities and communities smarter. This is a strategic but also very complex process that involves several actors to address many challenges. Following this line, in this paper, we propose a new recycling system based on smart wastes. To this end, we present the Big Bucket IoT Cloud environment where smart dumpsters are equipped with low-cost sensors and open source easy-to-use hardware and software.

}, keywords = {cloud computing, E-government, E-inclusion, IoT, smart cities, Smart Communities, Smart Waste Recycling Systems}, url = {http://www.unisannio.it/I-CiTies2016/}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Carlo Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @inbook {Longo2016, title = {WebSPN: A Flexible Tool for the Analysis of Non-Markovian Stochastic Petri Nets}, booktitle = {Principles of Performance and Reliability Modeling and Evaluation: Essays in Honor of Kishor Trivedi on his 70th Birthday}, year = {2016}, pages = {255{\textendash}285}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-30599-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_10}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30599-8_10}, author = {Longo, Francesco and Scarpa, Marco and Puliafito, Antonio}, editor = {Fiondella, Lance and Puliafito, Antonio} } @proceedings {Bruneo2015797, title = {Analytical Modeling of Reactive Autonomic Management Techniques in IaaS Clouds}, journal = {Proceedings - 2015 IEEE 8th International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD 2015}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 2; Conference of 8th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD 2015 ; Conference Date: 27 June 2015 Through 2 July 2015; Conference Code:116940}, pages = {797-804}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, address = {New York (USA)}, abstract = {

Cloud computing infrastructures provide services to a wide number of users whose behavior can deeply change at the occurrence of particular events. To correctly handle such situations a cloud infrastructure have to be reconfigured in a way that does not cause degradation in the overall performance. Otherwise, the quality of service specified in the service level agreement could be violated. To prevent such situations, the infrastructure could be organized as an autonomic system where self-adaptation and self-configuration techniques are implemented. Appropriate design choices become important in order not to fail in this goal. We propose a technique, based on a Petri net model and a specific analytical analysis approach, to represent Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) systems in the case in which the load conditions can suddenly change and reactive autonomic management techniques are applied to mitigate the consequences of the change. The model we propose is able to appropriately evaluate performance metrics in such critical situations making it suitable as a design tool for IaaS cloud systems. {\textcopyright} 2015 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Autonomic management, cloud computing, Cloud computing infrastructures, Cloud infrastructures, Iaas clouds, Industrial management, Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), Performance metrics, Petri nets, Quality of service, Resiliency, Service Level Agreements, Stochastic reward nets, Stochastic systems}, isbn = {9781467372879}, doi = {10.1109/CLOUD.2015.110}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84960155425\&doi=10.1109\%2fCLOUD.2015.110\&partnerID=40\&md5=2aa09923889aea0bc667deb1d6d250d8}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Rahul Ghosh and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito and Kishor Trivedi} } @article {Longo2015280, title = {Dependability modeling of Software Defined Networking}, journal = {Computer Networks}, volume = {83}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 6}, pages = {280-296}, publisher = {Elsevier}, abstract = {

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a new network design paradigm that aims at simplifying the implementation of complex networking infrastructures by separating the forwarding functionalities (data plane) from the network logical control (control plane). Network devices are used only for forwarding, while decisions about where data is sent are taken by a logically centralized yet physically distributed component, i.e., the SDN controller. From a quality of service (QoS) point of view, an SDN controller is a complex system whose operation can be highly dependent on a variety of parameters, e.g., its degree of distribution, the corresponding topology, the number of network devices to control, and so on. Dependability aspects are particularly critical in this context. In this work, we present a new analytical modeling technique that allows us to represent an SDN controller whose components are organized in a hierarchical topology, focusing on reliability and availability aspects and overcoming issues and limitations of Markovian models. In particular, our approach allows to capture changes in the operating conditions (e.g., in the number of managed devices) still allowing to represent the underlying phenomena through generally distributed events. The dependability of a use case on a two-layer hierarchical SDN control plane is investigated through the proposed technique providing numerical results to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. {\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Availability, Complex networks, Controllers, Degree of distributions, Distributed components, Electric network topology, Information dissemination, Markov processes, Networking infrastructure, Non-Markovian, Quality control, Quality of service, Random processes, Reliability, Reliability and availability, Software defined networking (SDN), Software reliability, Software-defined networkings, Stochastic models, Stochastic systems, Topology, Type expansions}, issn = {13891286}, doi = {10.1016/j.comnet.2015.03.018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946489290\&doi=10.1016\%2fj.comnet.2015.03.018\&partnerID=40\&md5=b4f32c89d2b7b79fefcaf97082764960}, author = {Francesco Longo and Salvatore Distefano and Dario Bruneo and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Longo2015535, title = {Optimizing routine maintenance team routes}, journal = {Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Proceedings (ICEIS)}, volume = {1}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 17th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, ICEIS 2015 ; Conference Date: 27 April 2015 Through 30 April 2015; Conference Code:112657}, pages = {535-546}, publisher = {SciTePress}, address = {Barcelona, Spain, 27-30 April 2015}, abstract = {

Simulated annealing is a metaheuristic approach for the solution of optimization problems inspired to the controlled cooling of a material from a high temperature to a state in which internal defects of the crystals are minimized. In this paper, we apply a simulated annealing approach to the scheduling of geographically distributed routine maintenance interventions. Each intervention has to be assigned to a maintenance team and the choice among the available teams and the order in which interventions are performed by each team are based on team skills, cost of overtime work, and cost of transportation. We compare our solution algorithm versus an exhaustive approach considering a real industrial use case and show several numerical results to analyze the effect of the parameters of the simulated annealing on the accuracy of the solution and on the execution time of the algorithm.

}, keywords = {Controlled cooling, Cost of transportation, Industrial use case, Information systems, Maintenance, Meta-heuristic approach, Optimization, Optimization problems, Routine maintenance, Scheduling, Scheduling problem, Simulated annealing, Solution algorithms}, isbn = {9789897580970}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939555682\&partnerID=40\&md5=4b6abf15640b1475952a6bfa5de0117c}, author = {Longo, F. and Andrea R. Lotronto and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @article {Distefano2015629, title = {QoS Assessment of Mobile Crowdsensing Services}, journal = {Journal of Grid Computing}, volume = {13}, number = {4}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {629-650}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, abstract = {

The wide spreading of smart devices drives to develop distributed applications of increasing complexity, attracting efforts from both research and business communities. Recently, a new volunteer contribution paradigm based on participatory and opportunistic sensing is affirming in the Internet of Things scenario: Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS). A typical MCS application considers smart devices as contributing sensors able to produce geolocalized data about the physical environment, then collected by a remote application server for processing. The growing interest on MCS allows to think about its possible exploitation in commercial context. This calls for adequate methods able to support MCS service providers in design choices, implementing mechanisms for the quality of service (QoS) assessment while dealing with complex time-dependent phenomena and churning issues due to contributors that unpredictably join and leave the MCS system. In this paper, we propose an analytical modeling framework based on stochastic Petri nets to evaluate QoS metrics of a class of MCS services. This method requires to extend the Petri net formalism by specifying a marking dependency semantics for non-exponentially distributed transitions. The approach is then applied to an MCS application example deriving some QoS measures that can drive quantitative evaluation and characterization of the {\textquotedblleft}crowd{\textquotedblright} behavior. {\textcopyright} 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

}, keywords = {crowdsensing, Digital storage, Distributed applications, Marking dependency, Non-Markovian, Performability, Petri nets, Quality of service, Quality of service (QoS) assessments, Quantitative evaluation, Semantics, Stochastic systems, Time dependent phenomena}, issn = {15707873}, doi = {10.1007/s10723-015-9338-7}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84958155341\&doi=10.1007\%2fs10723-015-9338-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=3bd7e36a37ab06a3acabb37a21b90ab1}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @inbook {Longo2015256, title = {A simulated annealing-based approach for the optimization of routine maintenance interventions}, booktitle = {Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing}, volume = {241}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 17th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, ICEIS 2015 ; Conference Date: 27 April 2015 Through 30 April 2015; Conference Code:164419}, pages = {256-279}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, organization = {Springer Verlag}, abstract = {

Metaheuristics are often adopted to solve optimization problems where some requests need to be scheduled among a finite number of resources, i. e., the so called scheduling problems. Such techniques approach the optimization problems by taking inspiration from a certain physical phenomenon. Simulated annealing is a metaheuristic approach inspired to the controlled cooling of a material from a high temperature to a state in which internal defects of the crystals are minimized. In this paper, we use a simulated annealing-based approach to solve the problem of the scheduling of geographically distributed routine maintenance interventions. Each intervention has to be assigned to a maintenance team and the choice among the available teams and the order in which interventions are performed by each team are based on team skills, cost of overtime work, and cost of transportation. We compare our solution algorithm versus an exhaustive approach. First, we consider a real industrial use case and show several numerical results to analyze the effect of the parameters of the simulated annealing on the accuracy of the solution and on the execution time of the algorithm. Then, we provide results varying the parameters and dimension of the considered problem highlighting how they affect reliability and efficiency of our algorithm. {\textcopyright} Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

}, keywords = {Cost of transportation, Industrial use case, Information systems, Maintenance, Meta-heuristic approach, Optimization, Optimization problems, parameter estimation, Physical phenomena, Problem solving, Routine maintenance, Scheduling, Scheduling problem, Simulated annealing, Solution algorithms}, isbn = {9783319291321}, issn = {18651348}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-29133-8_13}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84958970833\&doi=10.1007\%2f978-3-319-29133-8_13\&partnerID=40\&md5=38ef9117d84652f8dfd7526db0dba19c}, author = {Francesco Longo and Andrea Lotronto and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @proceedings {Bruneo201598, title = {An SRN-based resiliency quantification approach}, journal = {Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency (Petri Nets)}, volume = {9115 Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 36th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency, Petri Nets 2015 ; Conference Date: 21 June 2015 Through 26 June 2015; Conference Code:119609}, pages = {98-116}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Brussels, Belgium, 21-26 June 2015}, abstract = {

Resiliency is often considered as a synonym for faulttolerance and reliability/availability. We start from a different definition of resiliency as the ability to deliver services when encountering unexpected changes. Semantics of change is of extreme importance in order to accurately capture the real behavior of a system. We propose a resiliency analysis technique based on stochastic reward nets that allows the modeler: (1) to reuse an already existing dependability or performance model for a specific system with minimal modifications, and (2) to adapt the given model for specific change semantics. To automate the model analysis an algorithm is designed and the modeler is provided with a formalism that corresponds to the semantics. Our algorithm and approach is implemented to demonstrate the proposed resiliency quantification approach. Finally, we discuss the differences between our approach and an alternative technique based on deterministic and stochastic Petri nets and highlight the advantages of the proposed approach in terms of semantics specification. {\textcopyright} Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

}, keywords = {Analysis techniques, Deterministic and stochastic Petri nets, Model analysis, Performance Model, Petri nets, Resiliency, Semantics, Stochastic models, Stochastic reward nets, Stochastic systems}, isbn = {9783319194875}, issn = {03029743}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-19488-2_5}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84937428490\&partnerID=40\&md5=7d0bbe99afba1a79df65b4e35e86a02c}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito and Rahul Ghosh and Kishor S. Trivedi} } @article {Longo20151540, title = {Two-layer symbolic representation for stochastic models with phase-type distributed events}, journal = {International Journal of Systems Science}, volume = {46}, number = {9}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {1540-1571}, publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.}, abstract = {

Among the techniques that have been proposed for the analysis of non-Markovian models, the state space expansion approach showed great flexibility in terms of modelling capacities.The principal drawback is the explosion of the state space. This paper proposes a two-layer symbolic method for efficiently storing the expanded reachability graph of a non-Markovian model in the case in which continuous phase-type distributions are associated with the firing times of system events, and different memory policies are considered. At the lower layer, the reachability graph is symbolically represented in the form of a set of Kronecker matrices, while, at the higher layer, all the information needed to correctly manage event memory is stored in a multi-terminal multi-valued decision diagram. Such an information is collected by applying a symbolic algorithm, which is based on a couple of theorems. The efficiency of the proposed approach, in terms of memory occupation and execution time, is shown by applying it to a set of non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets and comparing it with a classical explicit expansion algorithm. Moreover, a comparison with a classical symbolic approach is performed whenever possible. {\textcopyright} 2013 Taylor \& Francis.

}, keywords = {Decision diagram, Decision theory, efficient memory occupation, Many valued logics, Markov processes, Non-Markovian, Petri nets, phase type distributions, Stochastic models, Stochastic systems, symbolic representation}, issn = {00207721}, doi = {10.1080/00207721.2013.822940}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84928644988\&partnerID=40\&md5=3f853e6fcb8bddeebf2e890076ff798d}, author = {Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @article {Longo20152506, title = {Variable operating conditions in distributed systems: Modeling and evaluation}, journal = {Concurrency Computation Practice and Experience}, volume = {27}, number = {10}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {2506-2530}, publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd}, abstract = {

SummaryPerformance and dependability evaluation plays a key role in the design of a broad range of systems, especially when strict requirements need to be met. This is particularly challenging in distributed contexts, where several components may interact among themselves by influencing each other. In this paper, we present an analytical method that allows the study of a class of systems where different operating conditions alternate by changing the stochastic behavior of the system components but still preserving the continuity of the performance and dependability quantities to investigate. The proposed solution technique, based on phase type distributions, Kronecker algebra, and ad-hoc fitting algorithms, can be applied for the analytical evaluation of a wide class of distributed systems. Examples are provided to show the usefulness and the applicability of the methodology, characterizing and investigating different performance and dependability aspects of three distributed computing systems, that is, a connection-oriented network, an Internet of Things application, and an Infrastructure-as-a-Service Cloud. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2014 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

}, keywords = {Algebra, cloud computing, Conservative systems, Dependability, Distributed computer systems, Internet, Internet of Things, Kronecker algebra, Markov processes, Non-Markovian, Performance, phase type distributions, Stochastic systems}, issn = {15320626}, doi = {10.1002/cpe.3419}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84932604392\&partnerID=40\&md5=b8f197a50fa177e85f0c1ac2a93fe392}, author = {Francesco Longo and Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {143, title = {A Cloud-based Access Control Solution for Advanced Multi-purpose Management in Smart City Scenario}, journal = {Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Smart Computing Workshops}, volume = {-}, year = {2014}, month = {05/11/2014}, pages = {35{\textendash}40}, publisher = {Antonio Puliafito}, address = {Hong Kong}, abstract = {

A new smart revolution has already begun, toward a future characterized by Internet of Everything, where non-invasive wireless smart sensors allow to dynamically share information (e.g., alert signals, or big data in Cloud of Things scenario) providing new secure and user-friendly services for a harmonious interaction between man and the environment. The management of complex scenarios, characterized by high mobility and dynamic heterogeneous data access, requires different access levels, both local and remote. At the same time, it would require the ability to gather data from several typology of events, both functional and structural (e.g., regarding mobility, transportation, energy consumption), and to correlate data caused by natural or industrial phenomena (e.g., air pollution) to guarantee safety in our cities. We propose an advanced solution to meet the above challenges, then to achieve an advanced multi-purpose management. It is based on CLoud-Enabled Virtual EnviRonment (CLEVER), projected and realized from University of Messina to work easily in a Federated Cloud context, and on Sensor Web Enablement standard specifications. We show a case study to regulate users access to certain areas or specific rooms, and to provide useful data for business intelligence oriented to multi-purpose management. In particular, our solution aims to gather data regarding people access and electricity consumptions to provide web information and services for public, private or governance use.

}, author = {Maurizio Giacobbe and Marcello Coco and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}, editor = {-} } @proceedings {Distefano2014255, title = {Non-Markovian modeling of a BladeCenter chassis midplane}, journal = {Proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Computer Performance Engineering (EPEW)}, volume = {8721 Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 11th European Workshop on Computer Performance Engineering, EPEW 2014 ; Conference Date: 11 September 2014 Through 12 September 2014; Conference Code:107431}, pages = {255-269}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Florence, Italy, 11-12 September 2014}, abstract = {

In distributed contexts such as Cloud computing, the reliability and availability of the provided resources and services have to be assured in order to meet user requirements. At the infrastructure level, this specification is translated into tighter ones on the datacenter hosting physical resources. In this paper, starting from a real case study of the IBM BladeCenter, we provide a technique for the quantitative evaluation of datacenter infrastructure availability. The proposed technique allows one to take into account both aging phenomena and multiple operating conditions. In particular, one subsystem of the BladeCenter, the chassis midplane, is studied. Indeed, based on the stochastic characterization of the midplane reliability through statistic measurements, a model dealing with the non-exponential failure time distribution thus obtained is evaluated to demonstrate the suitability and the effectiveness of the proposed technique. {\textcopyright} 2014 Springer International Publishing.

}, keywords = {Aging phenomena, Chassis, Failure-time distribution, Non-Markovian modeling, Operating condition, Physical resources, Quantitative evaluation, Reliability and availability, Stochastic models, Stochastic systems, User requirements}, isbn = {9783319108841}, issn = {03029743}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-10885-8_18}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84906969232\&partnerID=40\&md5=6840d4a28b6ed80a602f4db06c10343b}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa and Kishor S. Trivedi} } @proceedings {Famulari2014, title = {A simple architecture for secure and private data sharing solutions}, journal = {Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 19th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, ISCC 2014 ; Conference Date: 23 June 2014 Through 26 June 2014; Conference Code:108094}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Island of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal, 23-26 June 2014}, abstract = {

In recent years, Storage as a Service Cloud gained popularity among both companies and private users. However, security and interoperability issues still have to be adequately faced and solved. In this work, we propose a simple, secure, and privacy-preserving architecture for inter-Cloud data sharing. The proposed solution relies on open standards for both sharing and communication mechanisms, thus ensuring durability, robustness, and compatibility of the approach in the current Internet. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Data Sharing, Interoperability, Private data sharing, security, Storage Clouds}, isbn = {9781479942787}, issn = {15301346}, doi = {10.1109/ISCC.2014.6912518}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908199088\&partnerID=40\&md5=8e1066f76187a6ea0b2f4239abb3e3f0}, author = {Antonio Famulari and Francesco Longo and Giuseppe Campobello and Thomas Bonald and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Distefano201377, title = {Investigating mobile crowdsensing application performance}, journal = {Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Symposium on Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications (DIVANet), Co-located with the 16th ACM Int. Conf. on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems (MSWiM)}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 3rd ACM Int. Symp. on Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications, DIVANet 2013, Held in Conjunction with the 16th ACM Int. Conf. on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, MSWiM 2013 ; Conference Date: 3 November 2013 Through 8 November 2013; Conference Code:101342}, pages = {77-83}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {Barcelona, Spain, 3-8 November 2013}, abstract = {

Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) is an emerging distributed paradigm lying at the intersection between the Internet of Things and the volunteer/crowd-based approach. MCS applications are usually deployed on contributing nodes such as smart devices and mobiles, equipped by sensing resources that sample the physical environment and provide the sensed data, once filtered, aggregated and preprocessed, to the MCS application server. The MCS opportunistic approach unlocks new form of pervasive, participatory sensing applications, acquiring interests also in business contexts that call for adequate techniques and tools to drive architects and developers in MCS application design. Aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of an MCS application though a stochastic model able to stochastically represent the overall MCS environment, thus providing a valid support to MCS application development. The Petri nets formalism is used due to its expressiveness and the capabilities to represent complex, dependent, non-Markovian, phenomena usually characterizing MCS environments. A specific MCS application is then evaluated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique on a real case study. {\textcopyright} 2013 ACM.

}, keywords = {Application development, Application performance, Complex networks, crowdsensing, Design, Digital storage, Internet of Things (IOT), Participatory sensing applications, Performance, Petri nets, Physical environments, Stochastic models, Techniques and tools}, isbn = {9781450323581}, doi = {10.1145/2512921.2512931}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84889685098\&partnerID=40\&md5=15df22b992482173437dcd8080bbbc94}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Distefano2013385, title = {Quantitative dependability assessment of distributed systems subject to variable conditions}, journal = {6th International Conference on Internet and Distributed Computing Systems (IDCS)}, volume = {8223 Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 1; Conference of 6th International Conference on Internet and Distributed Computing Systems, IDCS 2013 ; Conference Date: 28 October 2013 Through 30 October 2013; Conference Code:102547}, pages = {385-398}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, address = {Hangzhou, China, 28-30 October 2013}, abstract = {

Dependability evaluation plays a key role in the design of a broad range of systems, where related properties have to be carefully analyzed in order to meet the requirements. This is particularly challenging in distributed contexts, where several entities may interact influencing each other. In this paper, we present an analytical framework that allows the study of a class of phenomena where different working conditions alternate, changing the stochastic behavior of the system. The proposed solution technique, based on phase type distributions and on ad-hoc fitting algorithms, can be applied in dependability evaluation of a wide class of distributed systems. Examples are provided to show the usefulness and the applicability of the framework, characterizing and investigating different dependability aspects of two distributed computing systems, i.e., connection-oriented networks and Internet of Things. {\textcopyright} Springer-Verlag 2013.

}, keywords = {Artificial intelligence, Computer science, Computers, Dependability assessments, Dependability evaluation, Distributed computing systems, Internet, Internet of Things (IOT), phase type distributions, Solution techniques, Stochastic behavior, Variable conditions}, isbn = {9783642414275}, issn = {03029743}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-41428-2_31}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893743730\&partnerID=40\&md5=8ebf6bc7152dd9f2734b969030b62365}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @article {Bruneo20132090, title = {Stochastic evaluation of QoS in service-based systems}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems - IEEE Computer Society}, volume = {24}, number = {10}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 7}, pages = {2090-2099}, abstract = {

WS-BPEL language has become the industrial standard to design and orchestrate modular applications, formalizing service compositions and business relationships among providers and consumers. Once service level agreements (SLAs) among the parties are established, effective tools for evaluating appropriate measurements have to be developed to meet the requirements. However, the design of quality of service (QoS)-guaranteed composed Web services (WSes) still requires several efforts. This work aims at proposing a complete method to study the QoS of a composed WS at design time, i.e., when the process is specified by using WS-BPEL. Starting from the nonfunctional properties of the WS to compose, we propose a technique to derive non-Markovian stochastic Petri net (NMSPN) models from WS-BPEL processes, with the final goal of evaluating parameters such as the service time distribution and the service reliability. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and to validate the obtained model, a nontrivial example implementing a travel agency flight reservation process, exposed as a synchronous composed WS, is investigated. {\textcopyright} 1990-2012 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Business Process, Business relationships, Design, Information services, Non functional properties, Performance, Quality of service, Random access storage, Reliability, Service level agreement (SLAs), Service oriented architecture (SOA), Service time distribution, Stochastic Petri Nets, Web services, WS-BPEL}, issn = {10459219}, doi = {10.1109/TPDS.2012.313}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84883410035\&partnerID=40\&md5=cdebb3fe5a36e131fd3a9485d01fe3c6}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @article {Bruneo20131072, title = {Workload-based software rejuvenation in cloud systems}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Computers - IEEE Computer Society}, volume = {62}, number = {6}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 21}, pages = {1072-1085}, abstract = {

Cloud computing is a promising paradigm able to rationalize the use of hardware resources by means of virtualization. Virtualization allows to instantiate one or more virtual machines (VMs) on top of a single physical machine managed by a virtual machine monitor (VMM). Similarly to any other software, a VMM experiences aging and failures. Software rejuvenation is a proactive fault management technique that involves terminating an application, cleaning up the system internal state, and restarting it to prevent the occurrence of future failures. In this work, we propose a technique to model and evaluate the VMM aging process and to investigate the optimal rejuvenation policy that maximizes the VMM availability under variable workload conditions. Starting from dynamic reliability theory and adopting symbolic algebraic techniques, we investigate and compare existing time-based VMM rejuvenation policies. We also propose a time-based policy that adapts the rejuvenation timer to the VMM workload condition improving the system availability. The effectiveness of the proposed modeling technique is demonstrated through a numerical example based on a case study taken from the literature. {\textcopyright} 1968-2012 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Algebraic techniques, Application programs, cloud computing, Endocrinology, Kronecker algebra, Numerical methods, phase type distributions, Proactive fault managements, Reliability theory, Software rejuvenation, System availability, Time-based Rejuvenation, Virtual machine monitors, Virtual reality}, issn = {00189340}, doi = {10.1109/TC.2013.30}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84877311601\&partnerID=40\&md5=185051c9b74e6577b5b06c39cbaf7cc7}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @article {Bruneo2012521, title = {Evaluating wireless sensor node longevity through Markovian techniques}, journal = {Computer Networks - Elsevier }, volume = {56}, number = {2}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 13}, pages = {521-532}, abstract = {

Wireless sensor networks are constituted of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, nodes undergo active-sleep periods that, on the other hand, limit their ability to send/receive data. The aim of this paper is to analyze the longevity of a battery-powered sensor node. A battery discharge model able to capture both linear and non linear discharge processes is presented. Then, two different models are proposed to investigate the longevity, in terms of reliability, of sensor nodes with active-sleep cycles. The first model, well known in the literature, is based on the Markov reward theory and on the evaluation of the accumulated reward distribution. The second model, based on continuous phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra, represents the main contribution of the present work, since it allows to relax some assumptions of the Markov reward model, thus increasing its applicability to more concrete use cases. In the final part of the paper, the results obtained by applying the two techniques to a case study are compared in order to validate and highlight the benefits of our approach and demonstrate the utility of the proposed model in a quite complex and real scenario. {\textcopyright} 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Algebra, Battery discharge, Continuous phase, Discharge process, Electric network synthesis, Energy utilization, Kronecker algebra, Markov reward, Markov reward model, Markov reward models, Markovian, Randomly distributed, Reliability, Reliability theory, Sensor nodes, Sensors, Wireless sensor node}, issn = {13891286}, doi = {10.1016/j.comnet.2011.10.003}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856063119\&partnerID=40\&md5=ecbae538bceec8598d787ee3b936a8e1}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {251, title = {An intelligent swarm of Markovian Agents}, journal = {Springer Handbook of Computational Intelligence}, year = {2012}, pages = {1{\textendash}22}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, address = {Berlino}, abstract = {

We define a Markovian Agent Model (MAM) as an analytical model formed by a spatial collection of interacting Markovian Agents (MAs), whose properties and behavior can be evaluated by numerical techniques. MAMs have been introduced with the aim of providing a flexible and scalable framework for distributed systems of interacting objects, where both the local properties and the interactions may depend on the geographical position. MAMs can be proposed to model biologically inspired systems since they are suited to cope with the four common principles that govern swarm intelligence: positive feedback, negative feedback, randomness, multiple interactions. In the present work, we report some results of a MAM for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) routing protocol based on swarm intelligence, and some preliminary results in utilizing MAs for very basic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) benchmarks.

}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and Andrea Bobbio and Davide Cerotti and Marco Gribaudo} } @proceedings {268, title = {Markovian agent modeling swarm intelligence algorithms in wireless sensor networks}, journal = {PERFORMANCE EVALUATION}, volume = {69}, year = {2012}, pages = {135{\textendash}149}, abstract = {

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are large networks of tiny sensor nodes that are usually randomly distributed over a geographical region. The network topology may vary in time in an unpredictable manner due to many different causes. For example, in order to reduce power consumption, battery operated sensors undergo cycles of sleeping{\textendash}active periods; additionally, sensors may be located in hostile environments increasing their likelihood of failure; furthermore, data might also be collected from a range of sources at different times. For this reason multi-hop routing algorithms used to route messages from a sensor node to a sink should be rapidly adaptable to the changing topology. Swarm intelligence has been proposed for this purpose, since it allows the emergence of a single global behavior from the interaction of many simple local agents. Swarm intelligent routing has been traditionally studied by resorting to simulation. The present paper aims to show that the recently proposed modeling technique, known as Markovian Agent Model (MAM), is suited for implementing swarm intelligent algorithms for large networks of interacting sensors. Various experimental results and quantitative performance indices are evaluated to support this claim. The validity of this approach is given a further proof by comparing the results with those obtained by using a WSN discrete event simulator.

}, keywords = {Gradient-based routing, Markovian agents, Performance evaluation, Swarm intelligence, Wireless sensor networks}, doi = {10.1016/j.peva.2010.11.007}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and Andrea Bobbio and Davide Cerotti and Marco Gribaudo} } @proceedings {Bruneo20128, title = {Software rejuvenation in the cloud}, journal = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques (SIMUTools)}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 5th International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques, SIMUTools 2012 ; Conference Date: 19 March 2012 Through 23 March 2012; Conference Code:110134}, pages = {8-16}, publisher = {ICST}, address = {Desenzano del Garda, Italy, 19-23 March 2012}, abstract = {

In this paper, we investigate how software rejuvenation can be used in a Cloud environment to increase the availability of a virtualized system composed of a single virtual machine monitor (VMM) on top of which a certain number of virtual machines (VMs) can be instantiated. We start from the assumption that the aging of a VMM increases with the number of VMs it is managing, thus characterizing the problem in terms of dynamic reliability. Therefore, by identifying the age of the VMM with its reliability and based on the conservation of reliability principle, we characterize the time to failure of the VMM through continuous phase type distributions. The system availability is thus modeled by an expanded continuous time Markov chain expressed in terms of Kronecker algebra in order to face the state space explosion and to keep memory of the age reached by the VMM in case the number of the hosted VMs change. Time-based rejuvenation is taken into consideration and the optimal timer is evaluated in order to maximize the VMM availability. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2012 ICST.

}, keywords = {Availability, cloud computing, Continuous phase type distributions, Continuous time Markov chain, Continuous time systems, Endocrinology, Java programming language, Markov processes, phase type distributions, Rejuvenation, Reliability, Reliability principles, Software rejuvenation, Virtual machine monitors, Virtual reality, Virtualized environment}, isbn = {9781450315104}, doi = {10.4108/icst.simutools.2012.247772}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84922767370\&partnerID=40\&md5=a03b06eec703c94d55c0f4875f181902}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and Salvatore Distefano} } @article {275, title = {Energy control in dependable Wireless Sensor Networks: a modeling perspective}, journal = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. PART O, JOURNAL OF RISK AND RELIABILITY}, volume = {225}, year = {2011}, pages = {424{\textendash}434}, abstract = {

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, battery-operated sensors undergo cycles of sleeping-active periods that reduce their ability to send/receive data. Starting from the Markov reward model theory, this paper presents a dependability model to analyse the reliability of a sensor node. Also, a new dependability parameter is introduced, referred to as producibility, which is able to capture the capability of a sensor to accomplish its mission. Two different model solution techniques are proposed, one based on the evaluation of the accumulated reward distribution and the other based on an equivalent model based on non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets. The obtained results are used to investigate the dependability of a whole WSN taking into account the presence of redundant nodes. Topological aspects are taken into account, providing a quantitative comparison among three typical network topologies: star, tree, and mesh. Numerical results are provided in order to highlight the advantages of the proposed technique and to demonstrate the equivalence of the proposed approaches.

}, keywords = {Energy consumption, Markov reward models, network topology, non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets, producibility, Reliability, Wireless sensor networks}, doi = {10.1177/1748006X10397845}, author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {294, title = {From UML to Petri Nets: the PCM-based Methodology}, journal = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING}, year = {2011}, pages = {65{\textendash}79}, author = {S. Distefano and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @article {Bruneo20111213, title = {Performance analysis of job dissemination techniques in Grid systems}, journal = {Concurrency Computation Practice and Experience - John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, volume = {23}, number = {11}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {1213-1235}, abstract = {

In the last few years, remarkable efforts have been made to extend the Grid paradigm to commercial solutions. Business-oriented grids call for effective Quality of Service strategies able to adapt to different user requirements and to address Service Level Agreements. Performance analysis and prediction with respect to different load conditions or management policies are required to define such strategies. However, the highly distributed nature of Grid systems and the presence of distinct administrative domains make it difficult to carry out performance estimations. In fact, several parameters are involved and the autonomy of each site could make it complex to set them in a proper way. In this paper, we present a non-Markovian Stochastic Petri Net methodology that allows to conduct performance analysis of Grid systems focusing on aspects related to the Virtual Organization as a whole. In particular, different job allocation techniques can be evaluated with respect to both user and provider points-of-view. The influence of different information update policies on the accuracy of the allocation schemes can also be investigated, highlighting the costs/benefits in terms of job waiting time, service availability, and system utilization. The proposed methodology is designed to be as general as possible and it can be applied to analyze a gLite Grid infrastructure taken as case study. {\textcopyright} 2011 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

}, keywords = {Grid computing, Grid infrastructures, Grid systems, Information updates, Job allocation, Load condition, Management policy, Non-Markovian, Performance analysis, Performance estimation, performance measurements, Petri nets, Quality of service, Random access storage, Service availability, Service Level Agreements, Stochastic Petri Nets, Stochastic systems, System utilization, User requirements, Virtual organization, Waiting-time}, issn = {15320626}, doi = {10.1002/cpe.1697}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960133545\&partnerID=40\&md5=a557a0ec6dd02249f31a6a0960e2bc92}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @booklet {293, title = {A Representation Methodology for Performance Specifications in UML Domain}, journal = {COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR}, volume = {27}, year = {2011}, pages = {1579{\textendash}1592}, abstract = {Performance related problems play a key role in the Software Development Process (SDP). In particular an early integration of performance specifications in the SDP has been recognized during last years as an effective approach to speed up the production of high quality and reliable software. In this context we defined and implemented a technique for automatically evaluating performance aspects of UML software architectures. To achieve this goal the starting UML model of the software architecture under exam has been mapped into a performance domain afterwards analyzed. The performance indices are inserted in the UML model exploiting the OMG Profile for Schedulability, Performance and Time Specification standard. However, to really automate the process, it was mandatory to specify the UML software representation by fixing semantic rules. The goal of this paper is the formalization of the model representation, characterizing the syntax and the semantics through which specifying performance requirements and behaviors into UML models in order to be compliant with the technique we implemented.}, keywords = {Meta-modeling, Semantics, Software Development Process, Software performance Ingineering, UML}, doi = {10.1016/j.chb.2010.11.003}, author = {S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {265, title = {Achieving Information Dependability in Grids through GDS2}, journal = {Parallel \& Distributed Processing, Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW), 2010 IEEE International Symposium on}, year = {2010}, month = {23, 2010}, pages = {1{\textendash}8}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/IPDPSW.2010.5470864}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {276, title = {Adaptive Swarm Intelligence Routing Algorithms for WSN in a Changing Environment}, year = {2010}, month = {4 novembre 2010}, pages = {1813{\textendash}1818}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {D. Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and A. BOBBIO and D. CEROTTI and M. GRIBAUDO} } @booklet {264, title = {Applying software engineering principles for designing Cloud@Home}, journal = {Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid), 2010 10th IEEE/ACM International Conference on}, year = {2010}, month = {20, 2010}, pages = {1{\textendash}10}, publisher = {IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated:445 Hoes Lane:Piscataway, NJ 08854:(800)701-4333, (732)981-0060, EMAIL: subscription-service@ieee.org, INTERNET: http://www.ieee.org, Fax: (732)981-9667}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/CCGRID.2010.76}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Distefano2010265, title = {Availability assessment of HA standby redundant clusters}, journal = {Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (SRDS)}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 14; Conference of 29th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, SRDS 2010 ; Conference Date: 31 October 2010 Through 3 November 2010; Conference Code:82914}, pages = {265-274}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {New Delhi, India, 31 October - 3 November 2010}, abstract = {

Computing systems are becoming the heart of modern technology, implementing critical tasks usually demanded to and implying human interactions. This highlights the problem of dependability in computer science contexts. High availability computing/clusters is a possible solution in such cases, implementing standby redundancy as a tradeoff between dependability and costs. From the engineering perspective, this implies the use of specific techniques and tools for adequately evaluating the reliability/availability of high availability clusters, also taking into account dependencies among nodes (standby, repair, etc.) and the effect of wear and tear into such nodes, especially when failure and repair times are not exponentially distributed. The solution proposed in this paper is based on the use of phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra. In fact, we represent the reliability and maintainability of each component by specific phase type distributions, whose interactions describe the system availability. This latter is thus modeled by an expanded Markov chain expressed in terms of Kronecker algebra in order to face the state space explosion problem of expansion techniques and to represent the memory policies related to the aging process. More specifically, the paper firstly details the technique and then applies it to the evaluation of a standby redundant system representing a high availability cluster taken as example with the aim of demonstrating its effectiveness. Moreover, in order to show the potentiality of the technique, different maintenance strategies are evaluated and therefore compared. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Aging process, Algebra, Availability assessment, Computing system, Critical tasks, Dynamic reliability, Engineering perspective, High availability, High-availability clusters, Human interactions, Kronecker algebra, Maintainability, Maintenance strategies, Markov Chain, Markov processes, Modern technologies, phase type distributions, Possible solutions, Quality assurance, Redundancy, Redundant system, Standby redundancy, State-space explosion, System availability, Wear and tear}, isbn = {9780769542508}, issn = {10609857}, doi = {10.1109/SRDS.2010.37}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650560407\&partnerID=40\&md5=9666fbfeaaae60d0a7d7ca8f388600e7}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {262, title = {Cloud@Home: a New Enhanced Computing Paradigm}, journal = {Handbook of Cloud Computing}, year = {2010}, pages = {575{\textendash}594}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/978-1-4419-6524-0_25}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}, editor = {Borko Furht} } @proceedings {279, title = {Dependability analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks with active-sleep cycles and redundant nodes}, journal = {DYADEM-FTS {\textquoteright}10 Proceedings of the First Workshop on DYnamic Aspects in DEpendability Models for Fault-Tolerant Systems}, volume = {Supplemental Volume of the 8th European Dependable Computing Conference}, year = {2010}, month = {30 Aprile, 2010}, pages = {25{\textendash}30}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY}, author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {277, title = {Dependability Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Networks: Redundancy and Topological Aspects}, journal = {Sensors, 2010 IEEE}, year = {2010}, month = {4 novembre 2010}, pages = {1827{\textendash}1831}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {280, title = {DESIGN AND MODELING IN THE SOFTWARE PERFORMANCE ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT PROCESS}, journal = {JOURNAL OF CIRCUITS, SYSTEMS, AND COMPUTERS}, volume = {19}, year = {2010}, pages = {307{\textendash}323}, doi = {10.1142/S0218126610006220}, author = {S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {263, title = {From Volunteer to Cloud Computing: Cloud@Home}, journal = {CF {\textquoteright}10 Proceedings of the 7th ACM international conference on Computing frontiers}, year = {2010}, month = {19, 2010}, pages = {1{\textendash}3}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY}, doi = {10.1145/1787275.1787304}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {259, title = {GS3: a Grid Storage System with Security Features}, journal = {JOURNAL OF GRID COMPUTING}, volume = {8}, year = {2010}, pages = {391{\textendash}418}, abstract = {Technological trend and the advent of worldwide networks, such as the Internet, made computing systems more and more powerful, increasing both processing and storage capabilities. In Grid computing infrastructures, the data storage subsystem is physically distributed among several nodes and logically shared among several users. This highlights the necessity of a) availability for authorized users only, b) confidentiality, and c) integrity of information and data: in one term security. In this work we face the problem of data security in Grid, by proposing a lightweight cryptography algorithm combining the strong and highly secure asymmetric cryptography technique (RSA) with the symmetric cryptography (AES). The proposed algorithm, we named Grid secure storage system (GS(3)), has been implemented on top of the Grid file access library (GFAL) of the gLite middleware, in order to provide a file system service with cryptography capability and POSIX interface. The choice of implementing GS(3) as a file system, the GS3FS, allows to protect the file system structure also, and to overcome the well-known problem of file rewriting in gLite/GFAL environments. In the specification of the GS3FS, particular care is addressed on providing a usable user interface and on implementing a file system that has low impact on the middleware. The final result is the introduction of a new storage Grid service into the gLite middleware, whose overall characteristics are never offered before, at the best of authors{\textquoteright} knowledge. The paper describes and details both the GS(3) algorithm and its implementation; the performance of such implementation are evaluated discussing the obtained results and possible application scenarios in order to demonstrate its effectiveness and usefulness.}, keywords = {Confidentiality, File system, GFAL, gLite, Grid, Integrity}, doi = {10.1007/s10723-010-9157-9}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {269, title = {Implementation of the Software Performance Engineering Development Process}, journal = {JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE}, volume = {5}, year = {2010}, pages = {872{\textendash}882}, doi = {10.4304/jsw.5.8.872-882}, author = {S. Distefano and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @booklet {260, title = {Information Security in Data and Storage Grids through GS3}, journal = {Computational and Data Grids: Principles, Designs, and Applications}, year = {2010}, pages = {111{\textendash}127}, publisher = {IGI Global Publisher}, address = {Hershey}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}, editor = {Nikolaos Preve} } @booklet {261, title = {Open and Interoperable Clouds: the Cloud@Home Way}, journal = {Cloud Computing: Principles, Systems and Applications}, year = {2010}, pages = {93{\textendash}111}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/978-1-84996-240-4_6}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}, editor = {Lee Gillam-Nick Antonopoulos} } @proceedings {282, title = {Performance evaluation of gLite Grids through GSPNs}, journal = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS}, volume = {21}, year = {2010}, pages = {1611{\textendash}1625}, abstract = {

Grid Computing supports the shared and coordinated use of several resources in dynamic Virtual Organizations. In the last few years, it is evolving into a business-innovating technology that is driving commercial adoption. Such a new scenario calls for powerful strategies able to guarantee stringent QoS requirements in order to meet Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between customers and providers. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze and predict performance with respect to different load conditions or management strategies. In this paper, we present a methodology to analyze performance in gLite Grids through the use of Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets (GSPNs). We introduce a cluster-level model of a typical gLite site taking into account the coexistence between normal and MPI-based jobs. We investigate the influence of different strategies (e. g., scheduling) on the performance of the whole site, highlighting aspects related to both customer and provider point of views. We also provide a business-oriented performance analysis introducing two different SLA typologies and highlighting how the site configuration may influence the expected profit of the service provider.

}, keywords = {generalized stochastic petri nets, gLite middleware, Grid computing, MPI-based jobs, performance measurements, service level agreement}, doi = {10.1109/TPDS.2010.35/10.1109/TPDS.2010.35}, author = {D. Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @proceedings {Bruneo2010, title = {QoS assessment of WS-BPEL processes through non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets}, journal = {Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 11; Conference of 24th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2010 ; Conference Date: 19 April 2010 Through 23 April 2010; Conference Code:80843}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Atlanta, GA, United States, 19-23 April 2010}, abstract = {

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is the most important and effective software paradigm to design Internet-based services. Using the SOA technology, value-added services can be easily deployed as a combination of existing Web services. In this context, WS-BPEL language has become the SOA industrial standard. To allow services to be composed, business relationships between providers and consumers have to be adequately managed. This implies that a formal definition of Quality of Service (QoS) is agreed and that effective tools for its measurement have to be developed. However, the design ofQoS guaranteed composed Web services still requires several efforts due to the highly distributed nature ofsuch software applications. This work aims at proposing a methodology to evaluate Web service performance at the earliest design phase. We present a novel technique to translate WS-BPEL processes into non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets with the final goal to evaluate parameters such as service time distribution and service reliability. The obtained model can be numerically solved through automatic tools, allowing to investigate the service behavior under different operating conditions and thus helping software engineers to develop QoS-guaranteed software solutions. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Automatic tools, Business relationships, Computer software, Design, Design phase, Distributed parameter networks, Effective tool, Formal definition, Graph theory, Industrial standards, Information services, Internet-based services, Non-Markovian, Novel techniques, Operating condition, Petri nets, Quality of service, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Service reliability, Service time distribution, Software applications, Software engineers, Software paradigm, Software solution, Stochastic Petri Nets, Stochastic systems, Value added service, Web services, WS-BPEL}, isbn = {9781424464432}, doi = {10.1109/IPDPS.2010.5470391}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954020712\&partnerID=40\&md5=70790f3d893defcf4e9c792d8b58c5da}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Bruneo2010, title = {Reliability assessment of wireless sensor nodes with non-linear battery discharge}, journal = {2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 8; Conference of 2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010 ; Conference Date: 20 October 2010 Through 22 October 2010; Conference Code:83354}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Venice, Italy, 20-22 October 2010}, abstract = {

Wireless sensor networks are constituted of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, nodes undergo cycles of active-sleep periods that reduce their ability to send/receive data. Aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability of a battery-powered sensor node with active-sleep cycles considering both linear and non linear discharge processes. The approach used in the evaluation is based on continuous phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra. The technique is thus applied to the evaluation of an example in order to demonstrate its effectiveness. The obtained results strongly encourage future work, figuring out possible application in wider network context with complex topology, redundant nodes, and unreliable links, due to the Kronecher algebra capabilities to manage the state space explosion problem. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Algebra, Battery discharge, Continuous phase, Electric network synthesis, Energy consumption, Energy utilization, Kronecker algebra, Markov reward model, Reliability analysis, sensor networks, Sensor nodes, Telecommunication equipment, Wireless sensor, Wireless sensor networks}, isbn = {9781424492299}, doi = {10.1109/WD.2010.5657711}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751474054\&partnerID=40\&md5=86f6f2fa864d7e52672ab4e4bd83d78a}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Distefano201045, title = {Symbolic representation techniques in dynamic reliability evaluation}, journal = {Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 9; Conference of 2010 IEEE 12th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering, HASE 2010 ; Conference Date: 3 November 2010 Through 4 November 2010; Conference Code:83929}, pages = {45-53}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {San Jose, CA, United States, 3-4 November 2010}, abstract = {

The increasing demand of quality presses towards more specific requirements, tighter constraints, and higher standards. It is thus necessary to provide new paradigms, techniques, and tools to adequately model and evaluate complex systems. This paper mainly focuses on reliability aspects, also taking into account dynamic-dependent interactions among components. Starting from the conservation of reliability principle, we characterize the time to failure of the system components through continuous phase type distributions. The system reliability is thus modeled by an expanded Markov chain expressed in terms of Kronecker algebra in order to face the state space explosion and to represent the memory policies related to the aging process. A two-component system is taken as example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique and to validate it. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Aging process, Algebra, Complex systems, Continuous phase, Dynamic reliability, Kronecker algebra, Markov Chain, Markov processes, phase type distributions, Quality assurance, Reliability, State-space explosion, symbolic representation, System components, System reliability, Systems engineering, Time to failure, Two component systems}, isbn = {9780769542928}, issn = {15302059}, doi = {10.1109/HASE.2010.28}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79951924261\&partnerID=40\&md5=8ed2be2a9f6a7e9d891ed3fb58789d6f}, author = {Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {Bruneo2010243, title = {VO-level performance analysis of gLite Grids}, journal = {Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE)}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 0; Conference of 19th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE 2010 ; Conference Date: 28 June 2010 Through 30 June 2010; Conference Code:81490}, pages = {243-248}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Larissa, Greece, 28-30 June 2010}, abstract = {

Business oriented grids call for effective Quality of Service strategies able to adapt to different user requirements. Performance analyses and predictions with respect to different load conditions or management policies are essential instruments to define such strategies. In this paper, we present a non-Markovian Stochastic Petri Net model that allows to conduct performance analyses of Grid systems focusing on aspects related to the Virtual Organization as a whole. Different job allocation techniques will be evaluated with respect to both user and provider point-of-views. We will also investigate the influence of different information update policies on the accuracy of the allocation schemes, highlighting the costs/benefits in terms of job waiting time, service availability, and system utilization. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Business-oriented, gLite middleware, Graph theory, Grid computing, Grid systems, Information updates, Job allocation, Load condition, Management policy, middleware, Non-Markovian, Performance analysis, performance measurements, Petri nets, Quality of service, Random access storage, Service availability, Stochastic models, Stochastic Petri Nets, Stochastic systems, System utilization, User requirements, Virtual organization, Waiting-time}, isbn = {9780769540634}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2010.45}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77955917215\&partnerID=40\&md5=5f89b9d07327325a09d78d1af77f0519}, author = {Dario Bruneo and Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa and Antonio Puliafito} } @booklet {283, title = {Achieving Information Security in Network Computing Systems}, journal = {Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing, 2009. DASC {\textquoteright}09. Eighth IEEE International Conference on}, year = {2009}, month = {14}, pages = {71{\textendash}77}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, doi = {10.1109/DASC.2009.146}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {287, title = {Analytical Modeling Of Swarm Intelligence In Wireless Sensor Networks Through Markovian Agents}, year = {2009}, month = {22 October}, abstract = {

Publisher: The Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering (ICST)

}, author = {D. Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and A. BOBBIO and D. CEROTTI and M. GRIBAUDO} } @proceedings {Longo200944, title = {Applying symbolic techniques to the representation of non-markovian models with continuous ph distributions}, journal = {Proceedings of the 6th European Performance Engineering Workshop (EPEW)}, volume = {5652 Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, year = {2009}, note = {cited By 12}, pages = {44-58}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {London, United Kingdom, 9-10 July 2009}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-02924-0_4}, url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-69049095039\&partnerID=40\&md5=43f8175008b067c328d542555e9ef500}, author = {Francesco Longo and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {286, title = {Artificial Intelligence And Synchronization In Wireless Sensor Networks}, journal = {JOURNAL OF NETWORKS}, volume = {4}, year = {2009}, pages = {382{\textendash}391}, abstract = {The basic concept behind a Wireless Sensor Network is to deploy a large number of sensor nodes able to acquire and process data. Most of WSNs applications require sensor nodes to maintain local clocks both to determine the events order and to provide temporal information to measured data. Thus, providing a powerful synchronization system is one of the most important goals to be pursued if an efficient utilization of sensor networks has to be addressed. In order to achieve this goal, applications generally require a synchronization precision close to Milli seconds. This paper proposes a novel synchronization system based on Kohonens Self Organizing Maps (SOMs), able to provide some Artificial Intelligence features to sensor nodes. A SOM is a particular neural network that learns to classify data without any supervision. In each sensor node, a SOM is implemented to evaluate the sensor node time, using a very little amount of storage and computing resources. In a scenario where thousands of sensor nodes are placed, this system evaluates the time of each sensor in a distributed manner, assuming a very little percentage of nodes knowing their actual time, thus ensuring an effective clock synchronization among all the sensors.}, keywords = {neural networks, synchronization, Wireless sensor networks}, doi = {10.4304/jnw.4.6.382-391}, author = {L. Paladina and A. Biundo and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @booklet {285, title = {Cloud@Home: Bridging the Gap between Volunteer and Cloud Computing}, journal = {Emerging Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications}, volume = {5754/2009}, year = {2009}, month = {19}, pages = {423{\textendash}432}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-04070-2}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {295, title = {Developing High Quality Software}, journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PARALLEL, EMERGENT AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS}, volume = {24}, year = {2009}, pages = {171{\textendash}187}, doi = {10.1080/17445760802544110}, author = {Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @booklet {289, title = {Implementing Data Security In Grid Environment}, year = {2009}, month = {1 July 2009}, pages = {177{\textendash}182}, author = {V. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @proceedings {292, title = {Mobile Middleware In Enterprise Systems}, journal = {Handbook of Enterprise Integration}, year = {2009}, pages = {115{\textendash}132}, publisher = {Mostafa Hashem Sherif}, address = {Tinton Falls, New Jersey, USA}, author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and A. Zaia}, editor = {Mostafa Hashem Sherif} } @booklet {290, title = {A Multi-sink Swarm-based Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks}, journal = {Computers and Communications, 2009. ISCC 2009. IEEE Symposium on}, year = {2009}, month = {8 2009}, pages = {28{\textendash}33}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, doi = {10.1109/ISCC.2009.5202301}, author = {A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and L. Paladina and M. Paone} } @booklet {296, title = {Robot Certificates And Visualgrid With Genius Grid Portal}, year = {2009}, month = {6 March 2009}, pages = {1{\textendash}2}, publisher = {EGEE and Open Grid Forum (OGF)}, author = {M. Iacono-Manno and G. Andronico and G. Minutoli and A. Puliafito and G. Iellamo and Marco Scarpa and M. Paone} } @booklet {284, title = {Volunteer Computing And Desktop Cloud: The Cloud@home Paradigm}, journal = {Network Computing and Applications, 2009. NCA 2009. Eighth IEEE International Symposium on}, year = {2009}, month = {11}, pages = {134{\textendash}139}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA}, doi = {10.1109/NCA.2009.41}, author = {V. D. Cunsolo and S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {298, title = {Advantages in Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks}, journal = {3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WIRELESS PERVASIVE COMPUTING, VOLS 1-2}, year = {2008}, month = {9 May 2008}, pages = {160{\textendash}164}, publisher = {IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated:445 Hoes Lane:Piscataway, NJ 08854:(800)701-4333, (732)981-0060, EMAIL: subscription-service@ieee.org, INTERNET: http://www.ieee.org, Fax: (732)981-9667}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, abstract = {Providing efficient mechanisms to reduce consuming power and optimize computing resources is one of the most important goals to be pursued when an efficient utilization of sensor networks has to be addressed. To reduce power consumption at the MAC level, sensor networks usually make use of a scheduled contention protocol that adopts listen/sleep cycles. Cycles synchronization can improve performance, although in a sensor network with hundreds of nodes a predefined synchronization degree will determine a huge power consumption due to messages overhead. This paper aims to analyze advantages and disadvantages of cycles synchronization. It provides some rules that help to select and configure a MAC level protocol or a synchronization algorithm with the aim to maximize the network performance.}, doi = {10.1109/ISWPC.2008.4556188}, author = {L. Paladina and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @proceedings {297, title = {A GSPN Model To Analyze Performance Parameters in Glite Grids}, journal = {Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, 2008. WETICE {\textquoteright}08. IEEE 17th}, year = {2008}, month = {25, 2008}, pages = {198{\textendash}203}, publisher = {IEEE CS}, address = {Washington, DC}, abstract = {

Winner of the ETNGRID 2008 workshop best paper awardWinner of the ETNGRID 2008 workshop best paper awardWinner of the "ETNGRID best paper award" - ISSN:

}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2008.39}, author = {D. Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @booklet {291, title = {Self Organizing Maps For Synchronization In Wireless Sensor Networks}, journal = {New Technologies, Mobility and Security, 2008. NTMS {\textquoteright}08.}, year = {2008}, month = {7 november 2008}, pages = {1{\textendash}6}, publisher = {IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated:445 Hoes Lane:Piscataway, NJ 08854:(800)701-4333, (732)981-0060, EMAIL: subscription-service@ieee.org, INTERNET: http://www.ieee.org, Fax: (732)981-9667}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, author = {L. Paladina and A. Biundo and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito} } @booklet {270, title = {A Grid-based Algorithm For The Solution Of Non Markovian Stochastic Petri Nets}, journal = {CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION}, volume = {19}, year = {2007}, pages = {1353{\textendash}1370}, abstract = {WebSPN is a modeling tool for the analysis of non-Markovian stochastic Petri nets that we developed some years ago. Its solution algorithm is based on a discretization of time and an approximation of non-exponentially distributed firing time transitions by means of the phase-type distributions. In order to solve the problems related to the management of the state space (which can become very large) we parallelized the solution algorithm through the MPICH libraries. To improve the MPICH parallel implementation with an adequate security management, a more efficient load distribution and fault-tolerance capabilities, in this paper we propose the porting of WebSPN from the MPI to the Grid computational paradigm. In addition to a better flexibility in accessing computational and storage resources, one of the main advantages is the introduction of a fault recovery system to detect and recover from potential machine faults. The resulting new tool is named GridSPN.}, keywords = {DPH, Globus, Grid, MPI, MPICH-G2, non-markovian stochastic Petri net, parallel computation}, doi = {10.1002/cpe.1105}, author = {Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito and S. Distefano} } @proceedings {304, title = {Mobile Middleware: Definition and Motivations}, journal = {The Handbook of Mobile Middleware}, year = {2006}, pages = {145{\textendash}167}, publisher = {Auerbach (CRC press)}, address = {NEW YORK}, author = {Bruneo D. and Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito}, editor = {BELLAVISTA P.; CORRADI A. EDS} } @booklet {305, title = {Design and Implementation of a Performance Plug-in for the ArgoUML Tool}, journal = {IASTED Conf. on Software Engineering}, year = {2005}, month = {17 Febbraio}, pages = {337{\textendash}342}, publisher = {ACTA Press}, address = {Calgary}, author = {S. Distefano and D. PACI and Marco Scarpa and Puliafito A.} } @booklet {267, title = {GridSPN: a Grid-based non-Markovian Petri nets tool}, journal = {Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprise, 2005. 14th IEEE International Workshops on}, year = {2005}, pages = {331{\textendash}336}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2005.39}, author = {S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {266, title = {Software Performance Analysis in UML models}, year = {2005}, pages = {115{\textendash}125}, publisher = {IEEE}, doi = {10.1109/FIRB-PERF.2005.19}, author = {S. Distefano and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {306, title = {Acyclic Discrete Phase Type Distributions: Properties and a Parameter Extimation Algorithm}, journal = {PERFORMANCE EVALUATION}, volume = {54}, year = {2003}, pages = {1{\textendash}32}, author = {A. BOBBIO and A. HORVATH and Marco Scarpa and M. TELEK} } @proceedings {307, title = {Communication Paradigms for Mobile Grid Users}, journal = {Cluster Computing and the Grid, 2003. Proceedings. CCGrid 2003. 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on}, year = {2003}, month = {15}, pages = {669{\textendash}676}, publisher = {IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated:445 Hoes Lane:Piscataway, NJ 08854:(800)701-4333, (732)981-0060, EMAIL: subscription-service@ieee.org, INTERNET: http://www.ieee.org, Fax: (732)981-9667}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, author = {D. Bruneo and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and A. Zaia} } @booklet {258, title = {A parallel approach for the solution of non Markovian Petri nets}, journal = {Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface}, volume = {2840}, year = {2003}, month = {October 2}, pages = {196{\textendash}203}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-39924-7_29}, author = {Marco Scarpa and A. Puliafito and S. Distefano} } @booklet {310, title = {From Client/Server to Mobile Agents: An in-depth Analysis of the Related Performance Aspects}, journal = {ISCC 2002: SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS}, year = {2002}, month = {4 Luglio 2002}, pages = {768{\textendash}773}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, abstract = {This paper provides an experimental and analytical evaluation of the Client-Server, Remote Evaluation and Mobile Agent communication paradigms. Our purpose is that of identifying the environmental situations in which such paradigms should be preferred or combined in order to optimize the performances of a distributed system. The scenario selected for the analysis is the Information Retrieval on the WWW. An analytical evaluation throughout the solution of non-Markovian Petri net models is provided.}, keywords = {REMOTE EVALUATION}, doi = {10.1109/ISCC.2002.1021760}, author = {Marco Scarpa and M. Villari and A. Zaia and Puliafito A.} } @booklet {308, title = {Analysis and Evaluation of non-Markovian Stochastic Petri Nets}, journal = {Computer Performance Evaluation.Modelling Techniques and Tools}, volume = {1786}, year = {2000}, month = {31}, pages = {171{\textendash}187}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, abstract = {In order to extend their applicability to more complex situations, in this paper we present a new approach for the analysis of non-Markovian Stochastic Petri Net (NMSPN) models, which is based on a discrete time approximation of the stochastic behavior of the marking process. The proposed approach, which resulted in a new modeling tool for the analysis of NMSPNs called WebSPN, allows to analyze a wider class of PN models with prd, prs and pri concurrently enabled generally distributed transitions. This implies the possibility of dealing with very complex systems with arbitrarily distributed events with very complex interrelations among each other. The adopted technique is described, an application example is solved and the results are carefully analyzed in order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.}, author = {A. HORWART and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and M. TELEK} } @booklet {312, title = {Design and Evaluation of Replicated Databases for Mobile Systems}, journal = {WIRELESS NETWORKS}, volume = {6}, year = {2000}, pages = {131{\textendash}144}, author = {S. PALAZZO and Puliafito A. and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {309, title = {An analytical comparison of the client-server, remote evaluation and mobile agents protocols}, journal = {First International Symposium on Agent Systems and Applications, 1999 and Third International Symposium on Mobile Agents. Proceedings.}, year = {1999}, month = {06 Oct 1999}, pages = {278{\textendash}292}, abstract = {We deal with the study of the actual convenience of using the agent programming paradigm for accessing distributed service. We point out the benefits of such a communication paradigm by providing an analytical study of its basic features in comparison with the client-server approach and remote evaluation. The results that we have obtained show how agents must not always be considered the only solution to any communication issue, since in several cases their use might even reveal a drawback. We present several models of non-Markovian Petri nets, which have been solved through the WebSPN tool, and we provide a close comparison between the agent techniques (client-server and remote evaluation). We also focus our attention on providing some practical remarks which can help the developer during the design, in order to select the communication paradigm which best suits the features of the application that has to be developed}, doi = {10.1109/ASAMA.1999.805420}, author = {A. Puliafito and S. RICCOBENE and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {314, title = {Design and implementation of a WEB-based non-Markovian stochastic Petri net tool}, journal = {Advances in Computer and Information Sciences {\textquoteright}98}, volume = {53}, year = {1998}, pages = {101{\textendash}109}, publisher = {IOS PRESS}, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {A. HORVATH and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and M. TELEK and O. TOMARCHIO} } @booklet {313, title = {Kronecker representation of Stochastic Petri nets with discrete PH distributions}, journal = {International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium - IPDS{\textquoteright}98}, year = {1998}, month = {9}, pages = {52{\textendash}62}, doi = {10.1109/IPDS.1998.707709}, author = {Marco Scarpa and A. BOBBIO} } @booklet {300, title = {Petri nets with k simultaneously enabled generally distributed timedtransitions}, journal = {PERFORMANCE EVALUATION}, volume = {32}, year = {1998}, author = {A.PULIAFITO and Marco Scarpa and K.S.TRIVEDI} } @booklet {315, title = {WebSPN: A WEB-accessible Petri Net Tool}, journal = {Int. Conf. on WEB based Modeling and Simulation}, year = {1998}, month = {14}, pages = {121{\textendash}126}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SGS)}, doi = {10.1.1.56.2787}, author = {A. BOBBIO and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa and M. TELEK} } @booklet {316, title = {Reliability Analysis of a Redundant Database for UMTS Systems}, journal = {IEEE Petri Nets Performance Models (PNPM{\textquoteright}97)}, year = {1997}, month = {6}, pages = {247{\textendash}256}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, author = {S. PALAZZO and A. Puliafito and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {299, title = {Evaluation of Performability Parameters in Client-Server Environments}, journal = {COMPUTER JOURNAL}, volume = {39}, year = {1996}, author = {A. Puliafito and S. RICCOBENE and Marco Scarpa} } @booklet {317, title = {Time domain analysis of Markov regenerative processes}, journal = {8th European Simulation Symposium}, year = {1996}, month = {26}, pages = {187{\textendash}191}, author = {A.BOBBIO and A.PULIAFITO and Marco Scarpa and M.TELEK} } @booklet {319, title = {Concurrent Generalized Petri Nets}, journal = {Computations with Markov Chains}, year = {1995}, month = {18 January}, pages = {359{\textendash}382}, publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {V.CATANIA and A.PULIAFITO and Marco Scarpa and L.VITA} } @booklet {318, title = {Modeling of client-server systems}, journal = {Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Comp. and Telecom. Systems (MASCOT95)}, year = {1995}, month = {20 January}, pages = {340{\textendash}344}, publisher = {IEEE Press}, author = {A. Puliafito and S.RICCOBENE and Marco Scarpa} }