@article {ieeesys_:2015,
	title = {Device-centric Sensing: an Alternative to Data-centric Approaches},
	journal = {Systems Journal, IEEE},
	volume = {9},
	number = {4},
	year = {2015},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {When pieces of information originate from the physical world through sensing infrastructure, there is a pressing need to cope with the overhead and inherent limitations lying in merely shifting huge amounts of aggregated data across the net. In this scenario, a key point is the minimization of wasted bandwidth to accommodate for ever-growing demands of sensing data. For effective treatment of sensing data, BigData principles and approaches should be adopted, in particular the one by which computing has to be brought as near as possible to data. In this paper we propose a new approach to deal with sensing data inspired by this principle, injecting intelligence on the device instead of just using it as source of data, thus reversing the trend from the current data-centric paradigm towards a device-centric one. This way, we shift the focus from the application level onto the infrastructure one, adopting a Cloud-oriented approach to abstract and virtualize sensor-hosting boards ready to be reconfigured with custom logic, such as MapReduce, by providing resources on demand, as a service. Theoretical, design and technical aspects have been addressed in this paper through the evaluation of a device-centric Sensing IaaS stack implementation. In particular, a prototype for mobiles is described, getting into platform-dependent details where needed. The facilities so far implemented under the Android platform have been put under preliminary testing through a mobile application.},
	keywords = {BigData, Cloud, IaaS, Mobiles, sensing abstraction and virtualization, sensors and actuators},
	issn = {1932-8184},
	doi = {10.1109/JSYST.2015.xxxxxxx},
	author = {Salvatore Distefano and Giovanni Merlino and Antonio Puliafito}
}
@article { 11570_2963770,
	title = {A Utility Paradigm For Iot: The Sensing Cloud},
	journal = {PERVASIVE AND MOBILE COMPUTING},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {127{\textendash}144},
	abstract = {<p>IoT is such a key trend in ICT that it is quickly becoming one of the most influential research and development topics. This popularity is spawning also lots of laudable initiatives, one of the most prominent being carried on by the IoT-A consortium, including influential blueprints such as its Reference Architecture (RA). Their main goal is to interconnect network-enabled devices and {\textquotedblleft}things{\textquotedblright} through the Internet. This bottom-up view of IoT is lacking mechanisms for aggregating, managing and administrating groups of things. Such a perspective could be reverted to provide control and management facilities through specific framework and software, in line with new trends such as software defined networking. In this paper we propose a top-down utility paradigm for IoT starting from the IoT-A reference architecture and the Sensing and Actuation as a Service (SAaaS) approach. It aims at implementing a sensing Cloud by enrolling and aggregating sensing resources from sensor networks and personal, mobile devices. We follow a device-driven approach, as adopted in IaaS Clouds: once collected, the physical (sensing) resources are abstracted and virtualized and then provided as a service to end users. A key point of the SAaaS is the abstraction of resources, i.e. providing a uniform way to access to and interact with the underlying physical nodes in compliance with IoT goals. The main contribution of the paper is the design and development of the sensing resource abstractions for SAaaS to demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach, providing details on theoretical and design aspects as well as technical ones. In particular, a preliminary implementation for mobiles is described, delving in platform-dependent details where needed. The facilities thus developed under the Android platform have been tested through a typical IoT application, in order to gauge the validity of the approach.</p>
},
	keywords = {Abstraction and ​virtualization, Cloud, IoT, Mobiles, Reference architecture, sensors and actuators},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pmcj.2014.09.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157411921400159X},
	author = {Salvatore Distefano and Giovanni Merlino and Antonio Puliafito}
}
