@proceedings {268,
	title = {Markovian agent modeling swarm intelligence algorithms in wireless sensor networks},
	journal = {PERFORMANCE EVALUATION},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {135{\textendash}149},
	abstract = {<p>Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are large networks of tiny sensor nodes that are usually randomly distributed over a geographical region. The network topology may vary in time in an unpredictable manner due to many different causes. For example, in order to reduce power consumption, battery operated sensors undergo cycles of sleeping{\textendash}active periods; additionally, sensors may be located in hostile environments increasing their likelihood of failure; furthermore, data might also be collected from a range of sources at different times. For this reason multi-hop routing algorithms used to route messages from a sensor node to a sink should be rapidly adaptable to the changing topology. Swarm intelligence has been proposed for this purpose, since it allows the emergence of a single global behavior from the interaction of many simple local agents. Swarm intelligent routing has been traditionally studied by resorting to simulation. The present paper aims to show that the recently proposed modeling technique, known as Markovian Agent Model (MAM), is suited for implementing swarm intelligent algorithms for large networks of interacting sensors. Various experimental results and quantitative performance indices are evaluated to support this claim. The validity of this approach is given a further proof by comparing the results with those obtained by using a WSN discrete event simulator.</p>
},
	keywords = {Gradient-based routing, Markovian agents, Performance evaluation, Swarm intelligence, Wireless sensor networks},
	doi = {10.1016/j.peva.2010.11.007},
	author = {Dario Bruneo and Marco Scarpa and Andrea Bobbio and Davide Cerotti and Marco Gribaudo}
}
@proceedings {Bruneo2010,
	title = {Reliability assessment of wireless sensor nodes with non-linear battery discharge},
	journal = {2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010},
	year = {2010},
	note = {cited By 8; Conference of 2010 IFIP Wireless Days, WD 2010 ; Conference Date: 20 October 2010 Through 22 October 2010; Conference Code:83354},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Venice, Italy, 20-22 October 2010},
	abstract = {<p>Wireless sensor networks are constituted of a large number of tiny sensor nodes randomly distributed over a geographical region. In order to reduce power consumption, nodes undergo cycles of active-sleep periods that reduce their ability to send/receive data. Aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability of a battery-powered sensor node with active-sleep cycles considering both linear and non linear discharge processes. The approach used in the evaluation is based on continuous phase type distributions and Kronecker algebra. The technique is thus applied to the evaluation of an example in order to demonstrate its effectiveness. The obtained results strongly encourage future work, figuring out possible application in wider network context with complex topology, redundant nodes, and unreliable links, due to the Kronecher algebra capabilities to manage the state space explosion problem. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.</p>
},
	keywords = {Algebra, Battery discharge, Continuous phase, Electric network synthesis, Energy consumption, Energy utilization, Kronecker algebra, Markov reward model, Reliability analysis, sensor networks, Sensor nodes, Telecommunication equipment, Wireless sensor, Wireless sensor networks},
	isbn = {9781424492299},
	doi = {10.1109/WD.2010.5657711},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751474054\&partnerID=40\&md5=86f6f2fa864d7e52672ab4e4bd83d78a},
	author = {Dario Bruneo and Salvatore Distefano and Francesco Longo and Antonio Puliafito and Marco Scarpa}
}
